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TIME: Almanac 1995
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TIME Almanac 1995.iso
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<text id=91TT0625>
<title>
Mar. 25, 1991: The Treaty Of Heathrow
</title>
<history>
TIME--The Weekly Newsmagazine--1991
Mar. 25, 1991 Boris Yeltsin:Russia's Maverick
</history>
<article>
<source>Time Magazine</source>
<hdr>
BUSINESS, Page 50
The Treaty of Heathrow
</hdr><body>
<p>U.S. and British officials divvy up airline rights, adding
routes and risks on both sides of the Atlantic
</p>
<p> The negotiations must have been successful: each side
thought the other guy got the better of the deal. That was the
reaction among industry officials last week when U.S. and
British negotiators finally completed a new transatlantic
airlines accord, settling a major dispute over access to
London's Heathrow Airport and for the moment keeping poor Pan
Am alive by the skin of its fuselage.
</p>
<p> The battle was joined last fall when Pan Am, surviving only
by auctioning off pieces of itself, agreed to sell its valuable
gates and landing slots at Heathrow to United Airlines for $290
million. Ailing TWA soon followed suit, accepting a $445
million offer for its spots at Heathrow from American Airlines.
British Airways, the world's largest international carrier (20
million passengers last year) took one look at the two giants
setting up shop at the next terminal and squawked. Says Matthew
Stainer, a London airlines analyst: "Its only U.S. competition
was Pan Am and TWA. Both are good people to compete with
because they are walking disaster areas." British officials
pointed out that the bilateral treaty governing air travel
between the two countries did not allow Pan Am and TWA to sell
their Heathrow rights to another carrier.
</p>
<p> As part of the deal struck last week, United and American
will be allowed to go ahead with their plans. American will
then control 17% of the transatlantic market. United will have
14%, while BA has only 11%. United also wins the right to fly
to several European cities from London. U.S. officials agreed
to restrain the two carriers at first, limiting them this year
to the number of flights to London previously approved for Pan
Am and TWA. In another concession, Washington will allow a
second British carrier, most likely Virgin Atlantic Airways,
to fly from Heathrow to the U.S. Virgin reacted to this news
by slashing all its transatlantic fares 15%. For its part, Pan
Am gets to stay in business, at least for now. Already in
Chapter 11 proceedings, the carrier might have been grounded
without the cash that will enable it to meet a $100 million
debt payment.
</p>
<p> British Airways won several major concessions for ceding
ground to such formidable new competition. Perhaps most
important, it will be the only foreign carrier allowed to carry
passengers to the U.S. without passing through its home
country. In practical terms, this means that BA will have an
edge on other European transatlantic carriers. BA also won
fly-through rights, which means that it will be permitted to
land in the U.S., pick up other passengers and continue to South
America, the Caribbean or even Asia. The profitable English
giant may expand its U.S. web by taking advantage of new
Department of Transportation rules that allow foreign carriers
to own as much as 49% of U.S. carriers. Reportedly tops on its
shopping list: troubled USAir.
</p>
<p>By Janice Castro. Reported by Anne Constable/London and Jerome
Cramer/Washington.
</p>
</body></article>
</text>